(10-12-2020 18:02)Biltser писал(а):  Впервые о "метале" начали осторожно "заикаться" во второй половине 80-х гг.

Цитата:...The book The History of Heavy Metal states the name as a take from "hippiespeak." The word "heavy," meaning serious or profound, had entered beatnik counterculture slang some time earlier, and references to "heavy music" which were typically slower, more amplified variations of standard pop fare, were already common. When the band Iron Butterfly first started playing in Los Angeles in 1967, their name was explained on an album cover as, "Iron—symbolic of something heavy as in sound, Butterfly—light, appealing and versatile…an object that can be used freely in the imagination." Iron Butterfly's 1968 debut album was titled Heavy. The fact that Led Zeppelin (whose moniker came partly in reference to Keith Moon's jest that they would "go down like a lead balloon") incorporated a heavy metal into its name may have sealed the usage of the term.

In the late 1960s, Birmingham, England was still a center for manufacturing and given the many rock bands that evolved in and around the city, such as Led Zeppelin, The Move, and Black Sabbath, some people suggest that the term Heavy Metal may be related to such activity. Biographies of The Move have claimed that the sound came from their "heavy" guitar riffs that were popular among the "metal midlands."
Allen Lanier in the middle, Eric Bloom on the left, and Buck Dharma on the right, members of Blue Öyster Cult.

Sandy Pearlman, original producer, manager, and songwriter for the Blue Öyster Cult, claims to have been the first person to apply the term "heavy metal" to rock music in 1970. In creating much of the band's image, which included tongue-in-cheek references to the occult, Pearlman came up with a symbol for the group which was similar to the use of a symbol Iron Maiden later included on its album cover artwork, the alchemical symbol for lead, one of the heaviest of metals. Pearlman put forth this term to describe the type of music that Blue Öyster Cult played.

A late, but disputed, hypothesis about the origin of the genre was brought forth by "Chas" Chandler, a manager of the Jimi Hendrix Experience in 1969, in an interview on the PBS TV program Rock and Roll in 1995. He states that "…it [heavy metal] was a term originating in a New York Times article reviewing a Jimi Hendrix performance," and claims the author described the Jimi Hendrix Experience "…like listening to heavy metal falling from the sky." The precise source of this claim, however, has not been found and its accuracy is disputed.

The first well-documented usage of the term "heavy metal" referring to a style of music, appears to be the May 1971 issue of Creem Magazine, in a review of Sir Lord Baltimore's Kingdom Come. In this review readers are told that "Sir Lord Baltimore seems to have down pat most all the best heavy metal tricks in the book". Creem critic Lester Bangs subsequently has been credited with popularizing the term in the early 1970s for bands such as Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath.

"Heavy metal" may have been used as a jibe initially by a number of music critics but was quickly adopted by its adherents. Other, already-established bands, such as Deep Purple, which had origins in pop or progressive rock, immediately took on the heavy metal mantle, adding distortion and additional amplification in a more aggressive approach.

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The 1970 releases by Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, and Deep Purple defined and codified the genre that would be known as heavy metal. Many of the first heavy metal bands—Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Uriah Heep, and UFO, among others—are often now called hard rock bands by the modern metal community rather than heavy metal, especially those bands whose sound was more similar to traditional rock music. In general, the terms "heavy metal" and "hard rock" are often used interchangeably, in particular when discussing the 1970s. Indeed, many such bands are not considered "heavy metal bands" per se, but rather as having donated individual songs or works that contributed to the genre. Few would consider Jethro Tull a heavy metal band in any real sense, but few would dispute that their song, "Aqualung" was an early heavy metal song. Another group that early on crossed the murky lines between psychedelic and heavy metal was Hawkwind, with songs like "Master of the Universe" (1971) that enjoyed a cult following.